Legal & Regulatory Info
The e-scooter legal status shown below is provided for convenience only and may be inaccurate or out of date. Regulations change frequently and can vary by municipality even within a single region.
Always verify current e-scooter regulations with local authorities before riding. VoltNav is not liable for inaccuracies in this data.
Jurisdictions
Legal; power up to 600W treated as bicycle-class
Bike infrastructure: Legal on cycle paths
Source: Road Traffic Act (StVO) / KFG 1967 - secondary compilation (2024)
Legal for 15+, speed-limited to 25 km/h, mirrors e-bike rules
Bike infrastructure: Legal on cycle paths
Source: Belgian traffic rules (2019 update aligned with EC 2016 guidelines) - secondary (2024)
Legal only if no bike lane AND road speed limit <=50 km/h; banned on faster roads and sidewalks
Bike infrastructure: Required to use bike lane where present
Source: Road Traffic Act (Закон за движението по пътищата); July 2025 amendments (2025)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=50 km/h; must use bike path where present
Bike infrastructure: Required where present
Source: Road Traffic Safety Act (Zakon o sigurnosti prometa na cestama) (2024)
No verified current source reviewed - do not assume legality
Bike infrastructure: No verified current source reviewed
Source: Not independently verified in this research pass (2026)
Legal on roads <=50 km/h if no bike lane; treated like bicycle/e-bike
Bike infrastructure: Legal on bike lanes
Source: Act No. 361/2000 Coll. (road traffic law) (2024)
Legal; stricter 20 km/h cap than EU baseline
Bike infrastructure: Legal on cycle paths
Source: Danish Road Traffic Act - secondary compilation (2024)
Legal as 'light electric vehicle' (<=1000W); bike lane mandatory where present, else far-right of road
Bike infrastructure: Mandatory where present
Source: Traffic Act (Liiklusseadus) (2024)
Treated as bicycle; no age restriction; over 25 km/h reclassified as moped requiring insurance
Bike infrastructure: Legal, treated as bicycle
Source: Finnish Road Traffic Act - secondary compilation (2024)
Legal on roads only if no bike lane AND speed limit <=50 km/h; footpaths only at 6 km/h walking mode
Bike infrastructure: Bike lane use required where present
Source: French Highway Code (Code de la route) - secondary compilation (2024)
Restricted to cycle paths only, not general roads; insurance badge + plate required; min age 14
Bike infrastructure: Legal, and required location (cycle paths mandatory)
Source: eKFV (Elektrokleinstfahrzeuge-Verordnung) (2024)
PLEVs (6-25 km/h) use roads like cyclists; banned on roads with posted limit >=50 km/h; devices exceeding 25 km/h banned entirely
Bike infrastructure: Legal on bike lanes
Source: New Mobility Law (Law 4784/2021), Hellenic Ministry of Infrastructure & Transport (2025)
No dedicated national e-scooter statute; treated like bicycle by analogy to KRESZ road code; road use restricted, bike lane required where present
Bike infrastructure: Required where present, no statutory speed cap confirmed
Source: KRESZ road code (applied by analogy, no dedicated e-scooter law) (2025)
Historically no legal class for e-scooters on public roads (treated as unregistered/uninsured motor vehicles)
Bike infrastructure: Same restriction applies
Source: Road Traffic Act 1961 (pre-reform); Powered Personal Transporter (PPT) legislation drafted but 2026 status unconfirmed (2026)
Dec 2024 reform tightened rules: registration/insurance/plates increasingly required; helmet mandatory for all riders
Bike infrastructure: Legal on cycle paths
Source: Italian Highway Code (Codice della Strada), Dec 2024 amendments (2024)
State registration required since Apr 1, 2024; legal on roads <=50 km/h; sidewalk permitted at walking speed
Bike infrastructure: Legal on bike lanes
Source: Road Traffic Law; registration regime effective Apr 1, 2024 (2024)
Legal under law in force since Jan 2024
Bike infrastructure: Legal; device capped lower (20 km/h) on roads specifically, 7 km/h passing pedestrians
Source: Road Traffic Safety Law (amended, in force Jan 2024) (2024)
Legal on roads/cycle paths (<=250W)
Bike infrastructure: Legal on cycle paths
Source: Road Traffic Act (Code de la route), amended Jan 2021 (2024)
Individual technical approval + registration + insurance required; certain roads banned
Bike infrastructure: Legal on cycle paths
Source: Transport Malta (transport.gov.mt) (2024)
Only models pre-approved by Ministry of Infrastructure (Bijzondere Bromfiets class) may use public roads
Bike infrastructure: Legal for approved models
Source: Rijksoverheid - Bijzondere Bromfiets rules (2024)
Riders 10-18 need bicycle card / AM-A1-B1-T license; 18+ no document required
Bike infrastructure: Legal on cycle paths
Source: Poland road traffic amendment, effective May 2021 (2024)
Legal on roads only if no bike lane AND speed limit <=50 km/h
Bike infrastructure: Bike lane use required where present
Source: Portuguese road traffic code - secondary compilation (2024)
Legal only if no bike path AND road speed limit <=50 km/h; sidewalks prohibited
Bike infrastructure: Required where present
Source: OUG 195/2002 (Codul Rutier), amended by OUG 13/2020; HG 1075/2021 (2026)
Treated as non-motorized vehicle; legal on roads/bike paths; min age 15
Bike infrastructure: Legal on bike paths
Source: Act No. 8/2009 Coll. (road traffic), amended (2024)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=50 km/h; banned on faster/regional roads
Bike infrastructure: Legal on bike infra; some sources cite 10 km/h cap on shared/pedestrian areas
Source: Motor Vehicles Act (ZMV-1); Rules on Light Motor Vehicles (2026)
As of Jan 2026: mandatory civil liability insurance + DGT registration (plate/QR); helmet mandatory nationwide; min age 16; sidewalks banned
Bike infrastructure: Legal on cycle paths
Source: DGT (Dirección General de Tráfico) 2026 regulation (2026)
Legal; stricter 20 km/h cap than EU baseline
Bike infrastructure: Legal on cycle paths
Source: Swedish Road Traffic Ordinance - secondary compilation (2024)
Only government-approved rental trial schemes are legal on roads/bike lanes in designated trial areas; privately owned e-scooters are illegal on any public road, cycle lane, or footway
Bike infrastructure: Same restriction; rental trials only
Source: Road Traffic Act 1988 / e-scooter trial guidance (gov.uk) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=25 mph (40 km/h)
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: Ala. Code (SECONDARY compilation) (2026)
No statewide statute - entirely local control (e.g. Anchorage municipal code)
Bike infrastructure: Same local-control condition
Source: Local ordinances (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: A.R.S. Title 28 (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: AR 'motorized scooter' statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads <=25 mph; up to 35 mph permitted if a bike lane is present
Bike infrastructure: Legal, bike lane preferred/required where speed >25mph
Source: CA Vehicle Code §21235 (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=30 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: CO 'electrical assisted scooter' statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads and bike lanes; sidewalks prohibited
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: CT scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Banned on public roads and sidewalks statewide
Bike infrastructure: Banned
Source: DE vehicle code (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads, bike lanes, and sidewalks (treated like a bicycle)
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: FL Stat. §316.2128 (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: Georgia EPAMD statute (2026)
Legal on roads <=30 mph; license required
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: HI scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Effective ban - classed as a motor vehicle under Idaho Code §49-114, not registerable for e-scooters
Bike infrastructure: Same restriction
Source: Idaho Code §49-114 (2026)
Legal on roads and bike lanes
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: IL scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: IN 'electric foot scooter' statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads, bike lanes, and sidewalks
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: IA code (SECONDARY) (2026)
No statewide statute - entirely local control
Bike infrastructure: Same local-control condition
Source: Local ordinances (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: KY code (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=25 mph; helmet required for all ages
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: LA scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph; license required
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: ME 'motorized scooter' statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph, plus bike lanes
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: MD Transportation Code (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=30 mph; license required
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: MA scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: MI 'electric skateboard' statute (2026)
Legal on roads, bike lanes, and sidewalks
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: MN scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
No statewide law; legal only via special legislative approval on a city-by-city basis (e.g. Vicksburg pilot, roads <=35 mph locally)
Bike infrastructure: Same local/pilot-only condition
Source: MS legislative record (special approval process); Vicksburg pilot (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: MO scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads and bike lanes; sidewalks prohibited
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: MT 'motorized nonstandard vehicle' statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: NE 'low-speed vehicle' statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads and bike lanes
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: NV scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal statewide; some limits set locally
Bike infrastructure: Legal statewide; some limits set locally
Source: NH EPAMD statute (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph; sidewalks prohibited
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: N.J.S.A. 39:4-14.13 (2026)
No statewide law - entirely local control (e.g. Albuquerque ordinance)
Bike infrastructure: Same local-control condition
Source: Local ordinances (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=30 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: NY Vehicle & Traffic Law Article 34-C (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: NC scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads and bike lanes; sidewalks prohibited in business districts
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: ND 'motorized foot scooter' statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: OH scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: OK 'motor-driven cycle' statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=25 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: ORS 814.500-534 (2026)
Banned - classed as a motor-driven cycle under Title 75 (75 Pa. C.S. §102), cannot practically be titled/registered/insured; illegal on roads and sidewalks
Bike infrastructure: Same restriction
Source: 75 Pa. C.S. §102 (Pennsylvania Vehicle Code) (2026)
Legal on roads and bike lanes
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: RI scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
No statewide statute - entirely local control
Bike infrastructure: Same local-control condition
Source: Local ordinances (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads and bike lanes; sidewalks prohibited in business districts
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: SD 'low-powered vehicle' statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: TN scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
No unified state permission - largely local control (Austin, Dallas, Houston, San Antonio each run separate municipal ordinances)
Bike infrastructure: Same local-control condition
Source: TX Transportation Code §551.351 (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: UT §41-6a-1115 (2026)
Legal on roads (no sidewalks); license required
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: VT scooter statute (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads with posted limit <=35 mph
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: VA Code §46.2-908.1 (2026)
Legal on roads and bike lanes; sidewalk rules set locally
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: RCW 46.61.710 (2026)
No statewide statute - entirely local control
Bike infrastructure: Same local-control condition
Source: Local ordinances (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal statewide; some limits set locally
Bike infrastructure: Legal statewide; some limits set locally
Source: WI 'electric scooter' statute (2026)
No statewide law - entirely local control
Bike infrastructure: Same local-control condition
Source: Local ordinances (SECONDARY) (2026)
Legal on roads and bike lanes
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: DCMR Title 18 (2026)
Legal ONLY in municipalities that opted into the pilot via bylaw (e.g. Ottawa, Mississauga, Brampton, Windsor, Ajax, Oakville, Kitchener, Waterloo, London, Pickering). Toronto declined to opt in (2021 and again May 2024) - fully banned including bike lanes, sidewalks, trails, parks
Bike infrastructure: Same municipal opt-in condition; banned in Toronto
Source: O. Reg. 389/19 (Pilot Project - Electric Kick-Scooters), ontario.ca / O. Reg. 398/24 (2026)
Legal on roads with posted speed limit <=50 km/h under the provincial pilot
Bike infrastructure: Legal on bike lanes along those roads; sidewalks always prohibited
Source: MTMD/SAAQ Pilot Project (Motorized Personal Mobility Devices), launched Jul 20, 2023; Ministerial Order 2026-10 (2026)
Legal only in participating pilot communities (~34-36, incl. Vancouver, Richmond, Squamish)
Bike infrastructure: Cycle lane use required where present, in participating communities
Source: Electric Kick Scooter Pilot Project Regulation, B.C. Reg. 90/2021; O.I.C. 640/2023 (2026)
Private e-scooters are a prohibited 'miniature vehicle' under the Traffic Safety Act - illegal on roads, sidewalks, and bike lanes province-wide. Only shared/rental fleets (Bird, Lime, Neuron) operate legally, and only in Calgary/Edmonton under specific ministerial exemptions
Bike infrastructure: Same prohibition for private scooters
Source: Traffic Safety Act; Le Prieur v Aviva Insurance Company of Canada, 2026 ABKB 452 (2026)
Bill 43 (personal electric vehicle framework) PASSED Jun 1, 2026 but is NOT YET PROCLAIMED into force - treat as not legal until proclamation and municipal bylaw updates (e.g. Winnipeg) are complete
Bike infrastructure: Same - framework not yet in force
Source: Bill 43, The Highway Traffic Amendment and Drivers and Vehicles Amendment Act (passed Jun 1, 2026) (2026)
Legal only in municipalities that have passed an enabling bylaw under the provincial framework (since Sep 2022) - e.g. Saskatoon, Regina permit on roads <=50 km/h
Bike infrastructure: Legal on shared-use paths/cycle tracks/protected bike lanes in enabled municipalities only
Source: Saskatchewan e-scooter provincial framework (Sep 2022); Saskatoon/Regina municipal bylaws (2026)
Recognized under the Motor Vehicle Act (2022 amendments) but municipalities decide where use is permitted locally (e.g. Halifax)
Bike infrastructure: Same municipal-dependent condition
Source: Nova Scotia Motor Vehicle Act e-scooter provisions (2022 amendments) (2026)
No dedicated province-wide framework; legality depends on device classification under general motor vehicle law and is informally tolerated on bike paths/quiet streets in some areas but not clearly legal
Bike infrastructure: Same unclear/tolerated status
Source: No dedicated statute identified (2026)
Framework in effect since Jun 2022 classifies e-scooters similarly to bicycles but is CONDITIONAL on device approval and specific road/pathway rules
Bike infrastructure: Same conditional/approved-device basis
Source: PEI Electric Kick-Scooters Regulations (Highway Traffic Act) (2026)
No dedicated e-kick-scooter legal framework; not permitted on public roads
Bike infrastructure: Same - no dedicated framework
Source: No dedicated statute identified (2026)
No territory-wide framework; follows federal power-assisted device reference rules with local bylaws (e.g. Whitehorse) governing specifics
Bike infrastructure: Same territory-level uncertainty; local bylaws may permit specific trails/bike lanes
Source: Territorial rules / federal MVSR reference - secondary (2026)
No dedicated e-kick-scooter legal framework identified
Bike infrastructure: Same - no dedicated framework
Source: No dedicated statute identified (2026)
No dedicated e-kick-scooter legal framework identified
Bike infrastructure: Same - no dedicated framework
Source: No dedicated statute identified (2026)
No comprehensive federal law; Mexico City regulates shared-scooter speed/parking; private scooters lightly regulated
Bike infrastructure: Municipal rules govern
Source: Mexico City municipal transport regulations - secondary (2026)
No nationwide law; municipalities set rules (e.g. Sao Paulo <40 km/h); sidewalk riding generally banned
Bike infrastructure: Municipal rules govern
Source: Sao Paulo / Rio de Janeiro municipal regulations - secondary (2026)
No comprehensive national legislation; Buenos Aires requires helmets/reflective vest at night, roads <30 km/h
Bike infrastructure: Municipal rules govern (Buenos Aires)
Source: Buenos Aires municipal regulations - secondary (2026)
'Specified Small Motorized Bicycle' class since July 2023; plate + compulsory liability insurance required; 16+; no driver's license needed for compliant models
Bike infrastructure: Legal, treated like bicycle-adjacent class
Source: Japan Road Traffic Act reform, effective Jul 2023 (2026)
Legal; license required; sidewalk access restricted to 7am-8pm
Bike infrastructure: Legal
Source: Korea Road Traffic Act - secondary compilation (2024)
Banned from general roads (jalan raya); permitted only in special lanes and designated zones; Jakarta actively enforces
Bike infrastructure: Bike lanes are the permitted location
Source: Permenhub PM 45 Tahun 2020 (Kemenhub), promulgated Jun 22, 2020 (2026)
Varies significantly by state/territory: ACT/QLD/TAS/WA allow public use without license; SA/NT restrict to private property; NSW/VIC limited to trial areas only
Bike infrastructure: Same state/territory variation applies
Source: State/territory personal mobility device regulations - secondary compilation (2024)
Devices <=500W no longer classed as 'motor vehicle' per 2024 amendment; legal on bike lanes/shared paths; not permitted on highways/main roads without a bike lane
Bike infrastructure: Legal on bike lanes/shared paths
Source: National Road Traffic Amendment Act 8 of 2024; municipal bylaws (Cape Town, Johannesburg) (2026)
Legal on roads only where speed limit <=50 km/h and no cycle path present
Bike infrastructure: Cycle paths preferred where present
Source: Turkish e-scooter regulation (2021) (2021)